ABSTRACT
At present, sexual route is the main transmission route of AIDS in China, and its role in the process of AIDS epidemic has been evolving. Various modes of transmission in sexual transmission and the prevention and control strategies adopted by China have also been changing. This paper mainly summarizes the epidemic characteristics of different periods and different modes of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) in China in recent years. The strategies of prevention and control were described from seven aspects, including health education, promotion of condom use, expanded testing, HIV/AIDS antiviral treatment, pre-exposure prophylactic medication, post-exposure prophylactic medication, social organization participation and sexually transmitted diseases prevention and control. Only when innovative and targeted measures according to the evolution of the HIV/AIDS epidemic and various specific methods are complemented by each other, can the transmission of HIV/AIDS through sexual route be effectively prevented and controlled.